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The Licchavis were the most famous clan amongst the ruling confederate clans of the Vajji mahajanapada of ancient India and Nepal. Vaishali, the capital of the Licchavis, was the capital of the Vajji mahajanapada also. It was later occupied by Ajatashatru, who annexed the Vajji territory into his kingdom.〔Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972), ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, Calcutta, pp. 106–113, 186–90〕 Kautilya in his (ch. XI), describes the Licchavis as a tribal confederation (), whose leader uses the title of (). A Buddhist text, the refers them as ''Kshatriya''s and one of the claimants of the relics of Buddha. They have claimed Kshatriya status themselves.〔''Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations, 600-1400'' by Tansen Sen (2003), p. 58.〕 According to the , the Licchavis were of the gotra.〔Thapar, Romila (1984) ''From Lineage to State'', Oxford University Press, Bombay, p. 85〕 In the Manusmriti (X.22), the Licchavis are placed in the category of the ''Vratya Kshatriya''s. in his , traced the origin of the Licchavis to Benaras. The date of the establishment of the Licchavi domination over the area consisting of present day north Bihar and terai region of Nepal is not known. By the time of Mahavira and Gautama Buddha this clan was already well settled in the area around their capital . Buddhist tradition has preserved the names of a number of eminent Licchavis, which include prince Abhyaya, (), generals, and Ajita, Dummukha and Sunakkhata. The of refers to the nine Licchavi s (chieftains) who along with the nine Malla s and the eighteen - s formed a league against Magadha. The leader of this alliance was , whose sister was the mother of Mahavira.〔Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972), ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, Calcutta, pp.106-113〕 ==Licchavi administration== Only scattered reports of the Licchavi government system survive. The introductory portions of the and the mention the Licchavi as having 7,707 s. The number is one of convention, and unlikely to have been exact. It does demonstrate that Licchavi, unlike most of its neighbours, was not an absolute monarchy. Ultimate authority rested with the 7,707 ''raja'' who met each year to elect one of their member as ruler and a council of nine to assist him. It was far from a democracy as only a small portion of the Licchavi population qualified to vote. Those with ''raja'' status were only the male heads of households who belonged to the kshatriya varna.〔Jagdish P. Sharma. ''Republics in ancient India, c. 1500 B.C.-500 B.C.'' E. J. Brill, 1968, p. 104〕 The seat of the Licchavi administration was in , the capital of the Vajjiian confederacy. The was the highest executive and judicial authority.〔Mahajan V.D. (1960, reprint 2007). ''Ancient India'', S.Chand & Company, New Delhi, ISBN 81-219-0887-6, p.227-8〕 The introductory portion of the mentions about a tank, the water of which was used for the (the coronation) of the s of . The assembly hall where these s met for discussion was known as the .〔Law, B.C. (2005). ''Kshatriya Clans in Buddhist India'', Ajay Book Service, New Delhi, ISBN 81-87077-55-7, pp.107–23〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Licchavi (clan)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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